Nation of an Administrations

You will find many kind of administration, however, difference exists respecting the way in which authority to govern is divided between the central and sub-ordinated units of government.

Administration is the social pattern of particular people of that government which is considered to be the instrument of social control, meanwhile the diversity of the government matches the broad diversities of different national groups, where the method of developing authority on the basses of geological preference is considered to be Unitary or Federal Government. Actual Chief Executive Personality of the government may be selected through Parliamentary or Presidential offices. Nevertheless, the source may be different such as democratic, autocratic, aristocratic and totalitarian. The unitary system may be the oldest government comparative to the federal but the majority of the national government is based on the unitary system.

Federal authority is characterized by a division of power to the central and local government; however, the unitary authority is the granted powers by the central government their powers and has no direct constitutional justification or grantee, meanwhile, the federal authority in mirror to unitary system is the double government means to the two power system. In short we can say that one has no decentralized justification and another has decentralized justification. However, it might be seemed that one is dictatorship and another is not but both have merits and demerits on the basses we cannot consider each governmental structure a perfect one.

Although the unitary system is mostly depended upon constitution and its regulation which has a great impact if isolation of dictatorship thereby the English man is preserved by the means of strong constitutional authority and its regulation, whereas the federal authority is yet decentralized system of deliberate features and functions but mainly depends on the Geographical unity, Political maturity and Equality of federating units. The problem of a village is the problem of a world, which not nationwide but worldwide on the stage of global governance.

The best example of this kind of federation is USA which based on the Union and local independence, moreover the common economic interest and culture of the particular government which is the best example of Pakistan Government. However the best three features of the federation are Supremacy of Constitution, Distribution of Powers and Supremacy of Judiciary. Meanwhile one of the demerits which should be considered for this that is weak administration and its lack of uniformity.                      

When it comes to the office and its table Parliament in which government system bases on close relationship of legislative and executive office.

In parliament three basic parts, the President, Prime Minister and Parliament itself, President is the nominal and titular head of the state possessed few real powers. Prime minister and the Cabinet is the real executive of the state. She/he is responsible for the Cabinet and its Ministers and each minster is responsible for their respective departments and their own departments. The prime minister with his cabinet formulates domestic and executive policy, economic plans and budget, unction of the state.

Parliament is the most important organ of the upper or second chamber, while all the powers of the central and provincial are drawn from a written constitution which keeps the federation united.

Prime minister is the cabinet that real executive of the state. Prime minister is the chairman of the party whether the state follows the Two Party System and Multiple Party System the Prime Minister is considered the chairman of the party.

The executive introduces those laws in legislature which are needed and useful for the state and legislature after discussion adopts them. In this the government is responsible to the parliament which keeps the government responsible for her actions and policies. However the government is change every easily in which the other parties in the parliament has the equal opportunity that they will be easily changeable. Meanwhile the parliament works on the two dimensional concept and it is the Ruling party the dominant one and the opposition group.

The parliamentary system may be seemed Dictatorship in some ways because it exercise control over in legislature and policy formulation due to which its behavior seems to be as dictatorship.

When it comes to the Presidential office’s table we may see three particular files on the table is The Executive legislature and Judiciary, this work on the basis of separation of power. In context of governmental responsibilities it is called non responsible government. The check and balance of the government of the particular own controls integrity against encroachment by the other branches of the government.

The President in this kind of a government is executive power of the state and without the impeachment no one can brings him/her down either legislature or judiciary; the only process is the impeachment. In Presidential Government the Secretaries of the states are same as the Ministers in the parliamentary system. However, the legislature has the absolute power of law making. Let’s divine into USA legislature department, in USA it is called The Congress; two major houses of the congress are The House of Representative and The House of Senate, the members of the representative house is elected on the population base while senate members are selected.

This kind of the government has a very long term story because the President cannot be removed by either means without the end of the time period in the office. The President is also free to choose who he wants in his cabinet. President cannot be removed by vote of no-confidence but except impeachment. This system is more rigid but the separation of power gives it a smooth and fair working pattern, however in such cases the neither the president can be removed nor the parliament be dissolved, therefore in some ways it is a rigid form of government.

About the totalitarian, so it is the absolute form of government for whom a single party is responsible. The system of government in which all the resources of the man, society and state are controlled by a single authority by directly means are supposed to be considered an absolute form of government. It works on three basic principles, the centralization of power, the secrecy of the governmental forms, and Internationalism. In this the powers flows from the central authority.

No institution and department can work independently. This concentration of power calls for highly developed means of information, social control and high degree of technical development in the economic sectors. This system developed in the U.S.S.R, European Countries and communist China is moving from its extreme features.

Democracy is the means of rule of the people by the people of governments is the rule of majority. It shows that democracy is a kind of government which is run of the peoples. In real democracy people are the source of all political powers. It runs in the basics features of the Political Equality, Government responsible to the popular will, and majority rule. It may be direct in form or indirect in form but yet we need to elaborate it more.

The pure form of democracy which is perfect expression of popular sovereignty, that in direct way of democracy the people of the state take place directly in the public and its states affairs. The number of citizen must be small, property must be equally distributed and the society must be culturally homogenous. However, the way of performing power by the means of sovereign power and take part in state affairs through their representatives by electing them, the government is known is indirect democracy.

The elections are held periodically and people elect their representatives for a fixed term of time in the state’s office and try to reflect the formulation of people’s interest by the means of their state’s policies. This type of democracy is common around the world in all nations and they had adopted very well.

Meanwhile, democracy works for the people’s welfare of the people because it enables them to stand for their rights and interests, however, on the other side of mirror the democracy provides that people are sovereign but in real mean the landlords and rich people run the election, therefore, in practice they become sovereign instead of common man.

Democracy develops the intellectual and spiritual qualities yet it is not more stable than the others governmental structure. The education is consider the back bone of the democracies therefore most of the democrats importance to the education but the self-centred politicians and oppositions always create crisis and obstacles in the smooth functioning of the governments.

The frameworks of global governance, comparing unitary, federal, parliamentary, presidential, totalitarian, and democratic systems. It explains how authority is structured, the roles of key political figures, and how laws and policies are formulated within each system. The discussion highlights both the operational mechanisms and inherent flaws within these models, offering a balanced view of administrative control and governance worldwide. Ideal for readers interested in political science, comparative government, and administrative theory.

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It explores various forms of governmental structures and administrative systems. It differentiates between unitary and federal governments, explaining how power is divided between central and local units. It outlines the parliamentary system, where the Prime Minister and cabinet form the executive, and contrasts it with the presidential system, characterized by separation of powers and rigid structures. The document also discusses totalitarian governments, where absolute authority is centralized, and analyzes democracy, highlighting its theoretical ideals versus practical realities. The overall theme emphasizes that no administrative model is perfect, as each has unique strengths and weaknesses.